Adenylate cyclase activity during exocrine pancreatic proliferation in the rat.

Adenylate cyclase activity in pancreatic acinar cell membranes was determined in rats that had undergone a treatment with pentagastrin (250 micrograms/kg, intraperitoneal three times daily) for 1 week or that had undergone small bowel resection (90%) and were sacrified at 2 weeks, 1 month and 6 months after intervention. Both treatments are potent stimulators of pancreatic acinar cell proliferation. Adenylate cyclase activity was similar under basal conditions and after the diterpene forskolin stimulation in pancreatic acinar membranes from all groups studied. The ability of low concentrations of the stable GTP analogue, 5'-guanylylimidodiphosphate (Gpp[NH]p) to inhibit forskolin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity was decreased in pancreatic acinar membranes from enterectomized rats at 2 weeks and 1 month after the operation and returned to control values at 6 months after enterectomy. Stimulation of adenylate cyclase by high concentration of Gpp[NH]p or by secretin (10(-8) M) was higher in both pancreatic hyperplasia conditions as compared with control animals. These findings suggest that the coupling efficiency of the Gs protein to adenylate cyclase from pancreatic acinar membranes is enhanced without any alterations in the catalytic activity of the enzyme during pancreatic proliferation. In addition, it is possible that the highly regulated pancreatic acinar adenylate cyclase activity may be necessary to regulate pancreatic acinar cell proliferation.